Case Index: Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus

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Acute Acquired Brown Syndrome: 38-year-old Male with Ethmoidal Sinus Mucocele

Anisometropic Amblyopia: 5-year-old male with unequal vision.

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with associated choroidal infiltrate and serous macular detachment: 12-year-old female with history of newly diagnosed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who presented with new onset blurry vision with a central scotoma in the left eye for the past two days.

2-month-old with bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia: Highlighting the importance of a multi-disciplinary approach

Capillary Hemangioma: 4 month-old female with occlusive vascular lesion of right upper eyelid

Chalazion: Acute presentation and recurrence in a 4-year-old female

Coats Disease: 11-year-old male with poor vision in left eye

Congenital dacryocystocele with spontaneous resolution: Full-term 10 day-old female referred to the pediatric ophthalmology clinic by dermatologist for a bluish mass inferior to the right medial canthus

Congenital Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) infection: 1-week-old male with hydrocephalus and bilateral chorioretinitis

Congenital Ptosis: 7 month-old male patient with drooping of the left upper lid/left upper eyelid ptosis.

Convergence Insufficiency: 15-year-old male with worsening headaches and eye strain while reading, present since he started high school the previous year. He complained of blurry vision while reading and letters running together on the page. He often had to cover one eye to read comfortably

Dermoid Cyst: 6 month-old male was referred by his pediatrician for evaluation of a right upper eyelid mass.

Diagnosis and Management of Combined Hamartoma of the Retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium (CHRRPE) in Pediatric Patients: A three-part case series of pediatric patients with CHRRPE and discussion of the association with neurofibromatosis type 2

Diagnosis and management of Juvenile X-linked Retinoschisis (JXLR): A prospective case series including OCT imaging and discussion on pathophysiology and management of disease

Down Syndrome: 14-month-old male with intermittently crossed eyes

Duane Retraction Syndrome: 31-year-old Male With Globe Retraction

Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy (FEVR): 48-day-old boy was referred for evaluation of bilateral retinal detachments.

Goldenhar Syndrome (Oculo-Auriculo-Vertebral Spectrum): 6 day-old male with limbal dermoids

Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome: 4-month-old female who was referred to the pediatric ophthalmology clinic due to concern for oculocutaneous albinism (OCA).

Holoprosencephaly and Strabismus: Female child presenting to the eye clinic at age 15 months for eye crossing. She had a history of severe hydrocephalus with seizures and alobar holoprosencephaly at birth.

Infantile (Congenital) Esotropia: 2 month-old female began crossing her eyes shortly after birth. Parents feel that it is worsening. Crossing is worse when patient is tired and alternates between the right eye and the left eye

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis with Associated Bilateral Anterior Uveitis in a Four-year-old Girl: Routine preschool screening found central posterior synechiae in both eyes. Patient was found to have macular edema and was referred to rheumatology for systemic evaluation with suspicion of inflammatory etiology.

Juvenile ocular myasthenia gravis: 3-year-old with drooping of right upper eyelid

Management of Amblyopia: Discussing Options for Treatment in the Age of the Internet

Möebius Syndrome: Ocular motility limitation

Monofixation Syndrome: 11-year-old female referred after inability to improve vision with refraction in the left eye

Morning Glory Disc Anomaly: 4-year-old girl was initially referred by her pediatrician to an outside ophthalmologist for decreased visual acuity and esotropia in the left eye.

Non-accidental Trauma: An unresponsive infant with bilateral retinal hemorrhages

Non-accommodative Esotropia and Botulinum Toxin Therapy: 7-year-old boy presented with a history of intermittent, alternating eye crossing for one year that had become constant in the past 2 months.

Orbital Cellulitis in a Child: 9-year-old female with left nasal pain, swollen, red left eye and diplopia in all gazes

Orbital Eosinophilic Granuloma: 16 month-old male patient with left-sided periorbital swelling beginning three weeks prior to presentation in the setting of an upper respiratory infection

Orbital Lymphatic Malformation (Lymphangioma): 5 year-old female complained of an intermittent frontal headache. Over the next 2 days, she began having daily episodes of emesis and her parents noticed "bulging of her left eye."  She was taken to the emergency room where an MRI was performed and demonstrated a left orbital lesion extending into the superior orbital fissure.

Parkinson's disease: a review of the ophthalmological features: 67-year-old man presented to the strabismus clinic with increased difficulty reading for the past year. He experienced intermittent, horizontal, binocular diplopia and blurring of his vision while reading, accompanied by fatigue and headaches.

Prostaglandin-Associated Periorbitopathy: Progressive glaucoma and periorbital changes. 52-year-old woman presented with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual fields demonstrating progressive field loss despite maximum tolerated medical therapy. She had gradual periorbital changes consisting of a “sunken appearance” with a larger eyelid opening.

Refractive Accommodative Esotropia. 4-year-old boy originally presented to ophthalmologist at 2 years of age with crossed eyes. Discussion of the management of Refractive Accommodative Esotropia.

Retinoblastoma: 4 month old boy with a "blur" in one eye since birth

Rhabdomyosarcoma: Eleven-year-old male with two weeks of blurry vision, headaches, and difficulty moving the right eye for the past two weeks

Sagging Eye Syndrome. 77-year-old female with a complaint of intermittent, binocular, horizontal diplopia present for the last six months. Diplopia was only present at distance and no double vision with near tasks. The double vision was worse with lateral gazes in both directions. 

Strabismus Surgery in Setting of Scleral Buckle: 62-year-old male presented to the eye clinic with worsening diplopia for the last 10 years, but more drastically in the last 2-3 years.

Torpedo Maculopathy: Abnormal screening exam in a pediatric patient

Unilateral Optic Nerve Hypoplasia in a patient desiring surgical treatment for exotropia. 17-year-old male with a longstanding sensory left exotropiainquiring about strabismus surgery.

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: 8-year-old asthmatic male with reduced vision

Weill-Marchesani Syndrome: 12-year-old female referred to the glaucoma clinic for suspected chronic angle closure of the left eye.

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