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Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences

Case Category Index

Case Index: Cornea and External Diseases


Acanthamoeba Keratitis: 39-year-old contact lens wearer with persisting keratitis & pain

Acute Corneal Hydrops: 51-year-old male with keratoconus and history of rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens wear in the left eye presented with left eye redness, pain, light sensitivity, and tearing for 1 week.

Adenoviral Conjunctivitis: 38-year-old white female with watery, red, irritated eyes; left more than right.

Adult Chlamydial Conjunctivitis: 23-year-old male with 6-week duration of red eye

Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis: 52-year-old male with poor vision, severe ocular itchin, and mucoid discharge. He reports a history of waxing and waning eczema

Bilateral Corneal Edema Associated with Amantadine Use: 42-year-old female with 2-month history of blurry vision, photophobia, and mild, aching pain in both eyes.History of Huntington disease-related movement disorder

Boston Keratoprosthesis: An option for patients with multiple failed corneal grafts

Calcific Band Keratopathy. 71-year-old female referred for evaluation of a corneal scar in the right eye (OD). The scar was present 10 years previously when she was evaluated for painless and slowly progressive vision loss. She attributed the scar to a "fan injury" that she experienced at 20 years of age. Over the last ten years, she has experienced further painless vision loss OD. The vision in the left eye (OS) has been excellent.

Chandler Syndrome: A subtle presentation. (Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome: Chandler Syndrome variant) Patient initially sought care for migraines with mild headache on the right side of her head and halos around lights through her right eye. An ophthalmologist confirmed the narrow angles and placed her on medications to successfully lower her intraocular pressure. Halos around lights and a mild decreased acuity persisted.

Chemical Eye Injury: A Case Report and Tutorial: A guide to emergent management and medical therapy to promote ocular surface rehabilitation

Cogan's Syndrome: 42-year-old Female with Interstitial Keratitis and Vertigo

Congenital Aniridia: 18-year-old male with suspected aniridia with corneal pannus involving both eyes

Conjunctival Melanoma arising from Primary Acquired Melanosis (PAM): 61-year-old Caucasian female presenting for evaluation of corneal mass OS found on routine exam about 2 months previous.

Conjunctival rhinosporidiosis in a temperate climate. 27-year-old male was referred for evaluation of a left medial canthal lesion. The patient first noticed the lesion about one month prior to presentation.

Corneal Endothelial Transplantation: Descemet's Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSEK)

Corneal Marginal Ulcer: Marginal keratitis with ulceration in a 45 year-old male

Cystinosis: A 12-year-old boy with light sensitivity. Patient had progressive photophobia during outdoor activities. Recently, he became symptomatic indoors. He had intermittent redness and mild foreign body sensation in both eyes. Examination showed the presence of corneal crystals, laboratory testing showed increased levels of leukocyte cystine.

Cystinosis: 4-year-old girl with failure to thrive, severe photophobia, and newly diagnosed renal insufficiency.

Cytarabine-induced Keratoconjunctivitis: 17-year-old boy presented with one day of acute-onset bilateral foreign body sensation, tearing, photophobia, blurriness, and redness.

Deep Lamellar Endothelial Keratoplasty (DLEK) for Fuchs: 72-year-old female with Fuchs.

Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) for Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy

Epithelial-Stromal and Stromal Corneal Dystrophies: A Clinicopathologic Review

Erythema Multiforme: 22-year-old male with a persistent red eye for two weeks

The Evolution of Surgical Approaches to AlphaCor Keratoprosthesis Insertion and Associated Complications

Exposure Keratopathy in the Critically Ill: A Case Report, Discussion, and Systems-Based Intervention

Fabry Disease: A key differential in the diagnosis of corneal verticillata

Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy: 77-year-old woman was referred for worsening vision. Following an uncomplicated cataract surgery, her vision initially improved

Fuchs Endothelial Dystrophy: 35-year-old female with blurry vision OU lasting hours in the morning

Fungal Keratitis - Fusarium: 41-year-old female contact lens wearer with persisting keratitis

Granular Corneal Dystrophy Discovered Following LASIK: A Clinicopathologic Correlation of Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type II and LASIK. 44-year-old male with progressive decrease in vision in both eyes with "tremendous" glare symptoms. Eight years prior to presentation he underwent Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in both eyes.

Herpes Simplex Keratitis: 36-year-old female presented to the Emergency Treatment Center (ETC) with one day of right eye pain, photophobia and decreased vision.

Infectious Crystalline Keratopathy (ICK): 72-year-old female with decreased vision

Interstitial keratitis secondary to Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): 22- year-old white man with a history of asthma, vitamin D deficiency, and blepharitis presented to the cornea clinic with gradual onset blurred vision in the right eye and photophobia over 6 weeks.

Lattice Corneal Dystrophy Type II – Meretoja's Syndrome: patient with anterior stromal corneal dystrophy, progressive decline in vision with glare

Laser Assisted Keratoplasty: 63-year-old female with history of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy and bilateral pseudophakic bullous keratopathy presents with decreasing vision in the right eye

Loa loa filariasis (African eye worm):  A 64-year-old female Congolese immigrant presents with complaints of a worm in her eye

Megalocornea. 60-year-old male with a history of simple megalocornea reported visual disturbance while changing head position, his vision worsened with his head bent down.He previously had cataract surgery with an iris-sutured IOL.

Mooren's Ulcer: A Diagnosis of Exclusion. 29-year-old Caucasian man was referred to the cornea service for evaluation of corneal thinning in the right eye (OD).

Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid: atypical presentation as pseudopterygium and limbal stem cell deficiency. 78-year-old male with chronic irritation and dry eye unresponsive to aggressive lubrication, punctal occlusion, and prednisolone/sulfacetamide drops

Ocular Manifestations of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: 13-year-old female treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole developed mucosal and dermatologic eruptions with ocular involvement.

Ocular Rosacea: 62-year-old female with blurry vision and red, itchy eyes

Perioperative Corneal Abrasions: Systems-based review and analysis. 64-year-old male patient noted severe pain in his right eye while in the post-anesthesia care unit shortly after laparoscopic surgery. A bedside ocular examination was remarkable for a linear, horizontal corneal epithelial defect.

Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis (PUK): A 79-year-old woman was referred for the evaluation of a corneal ulcer in the right eye (OD). She began experiencing foreign body sensation in the right eye about 2 months prior to presentation after getting poked in the eye while gardening

Peters Anomaly: 2-day-old infant evaluated for bilateral corneal opacity noted at the time of delivery. There were no known maternal infections during the pregnancy and no problems during the perinatal period. The infant did not show evidence of tearing, blepharospasm, photophobia, drainage, or ocular redness.

Phakic intraocular lenses for high myopia:  A 24-year-old male with unilateral high myopia presented with anisometropia (unequal refractive error between the eyes) with aniseikonia (binocular differences in image size) and a large right sensory exotropia. His primary concerns were the cosmetic effect of his exotropia and the intolerable double vision and aniseikonia he experienced when his "bad eye decided to work." He wore spectacles with the right eye under-corrected to minimize his symptoms. He did not tolerate contact lenses and was interested in surgical options.

Phlyctenular Keratoconjunctivitis: 12-year-old Female with Staphylococcal Blepharitis

Posterior Polymorphous Corneal Dystrophy (PPMD). 3-year-old male who was referred to the cornea clinic after failing a KidSight screening and was found to have bilateral corneal opacities when evaluated by his optometrist. He had bilateral, diffuse, geographic-shaped, discrete, gray lesions at the level of Descemet's membrane.

Phacoemulsification: Considerations for Astigmatism Management, a tutorial and case

Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy: Deep Lamellar Endothelial Keratoplasty (DLEK) and Intraocular Lens (IOL) exchange with Anterior Vitrectomy.

Post LASIK Ectasia: Female patient presented status post bilateral LASIK for myopia. Vision in the right eye was progressively more blurred.

Salzmann's Nodular Corneal Degeneration: 62-year-old woman presents with 3 years of progressive decrease in vision. She has had 3 updates of her spectacle prescription that have not provided satisfactory vision.

Surgical Management of Keratoconus: A 22-year-old male with a history of progressive keratoconus

Superior Limbic Keratitis: A 63-year-old male presents for evaluation of irritation and injection of both eyes, that is refractory to management with lubrication.

Terrien Marginal Degeneration: A 35-year-old man with spontaneous open globe injury.

Thygeson's Superficial Punctate Keratitis: A 23-year-Caucasian male presents with bilateral photophobia, foreign body sensation, and tearing that is worse in the left eye.

Use of Ophthalmic Medications in Pregnancy: A 19-year-old pregnant woman at 19 weeks gestation was referred for evaluation and treatment of suspected Acanthamoeba keratitis.

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: 8-year-old asthmatic male with reduced vision

Verticillata: 54-year-old white male with a known history of atrial fibrillation and hypertension on amiodarone.

Vision Loss After Contact Lens-Related Pseudomonas Keratitis. Since the majority of cases of microbial keratitis (mk) in contact lens wearers are due to Pseudomonas, and this specific infection heralds a worse prognosis, we investigated outcomes at our facility to determine the frequency and extent of visual loss in cases of Pseudomonas keratitis occurring in eyes with previously normal visual acuity and no risk factors for MK except contact lens wear.


Case Category Index